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WHO - Standard Unani Terminologies

Khushuna al-Sawt

Term Code:

UMA-0215

Description:

A kind of hoarseness of voice. It is caused by the predominance of coldness or spasm of laryngeal muscles. It can also be due to excessive crying and shouting, cutting of uvula and insomnia. It may be congenital and acquired i.e. Khushuna al- Sawt Khilqi (congenital) or Khushuna al- Sawt Iktisabi (acquired). Its possible
English equivalent is dysphonia.

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TRANSLITERATION TABLE

The following Arabic letters have been transliterated with diacritical marks as mentioned against each:

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The following Persian letters have been transliterated with diacritical marks as expressed against each:

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  • ء/أ-has been transliterated with elevated coma (’) if used in the mid or end of the word followed by a relevant vowel and this elevated coma is not expressed at the beginning and only related vowel has been used directly.

  • Letter ع is transliterated as elevated inverted comma (‘).

  • Letter و as an Arabic letter is transliterated as w and as Persian/Urdu letter is transliterated

    as v.

  • ة and ہ are not expressed in both pauses and construct forms.

  • Article ال is transliterated as al- (’l- in construct form) whether followed by a moon or a sun letter.

  • و as a Persian/Urdu conjunction is transliterated as ( o ) and as Arabic conjunction is transliterated as wa-.

  • Short vowel (ِ۔ ِ) in Persian/Urdu passive or in conjunction form is transliterated as (-i).

  • Double letters have been expressed as follows:

  • ​uww= ّو

  • iyy = ّی

  • Short & long vowels and Diphthongs are used in the following form:

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