Quality Assurance is the sum of the productive process/ steps performed with the objective of ensuring that products will be of quality, required as per WHO, GMP norms. Ingredient identification is a leading step to ensure the quality of herbal drugs by controlling all aspects of manufacturing process. In view of this present communication reports ingredient identification in Aksir-e- Riyah, a Unani compound formulation, which is considered as Kasir-e-Riyah (carminative) in Unani system of medicine. The drug is recommended by Unani physicians in cases of Qulanj (colic), Nafakh-e-Shikan (flatulence in the stomach) and Waj-ul-Kulya (nephralgia). All the ingredients that are required in the preparation are examined separately (both macroscopically as well as microscopically) followed by the microscopic examination of the formulation as a whole. This provides a set of diagnostic histological characters that serve a leading step in preparing a quality drug with maximum therapeutic potential and hence beneficial for the mankind.