Quality of herbal drugs is a burning issue now days. Quality is not something which can be achieved by a magic wand. It has to be built in from the concept till the end of manufacturing process by systematic and comprehensive studies. Ingredient identification in a herbal compound formulation is a pre-emptive attempt towards quality assurance that not only

ensures the reproducible therapeutic efficacy but also ensures the safety. Present paper reports ingredient identification in Namak Ajeeb which is considered as Kasir-e-Riyah (carminative) and Hazim (digestive) in Unani System of Medicine. It is recommended in case of Waj-ul-meda (gastralgia), Qulanj (colic) and Waj-ul-Kulya (nephralgia). All the ingredients that are required in the preparation were examined separately (both macroscopically as well as microscopically) followed by the microscopic examination of the formulation as a whole. The study has provided key diagnostic histological characters which may serve as an important tool in laying down the standards for quality assurance of this important Unani drug.